What is a characteristic feature of biofilms?

A characteristic feature of biofilms is that they can protect bacteria from antibiotics. Biofilms are complex communities of microorganisms that attach to surfaces and are embedded in a protective extracellular matrix. This matrix not only provides structural support but also creates a barrier that can prevent antibiotics from penetrating and effectively reaching the bacteria within. This ability to form biofilms is a significant factor in the persistence of infections in medical contexts, as bacteria within biofilms exhibit increased resistance to antimicrobial treatments compared to free-floating bacteria.

In contrast, while biofilms can be associated with harmful effects, they are not always harmful in every context. They can also play beneficial roles in natural ecosystems. Biofilms can thrive in various environments, including aquatic systems, so they are not restricted to conditions without water. Additionally, biofilms are not limited to medical settings; they can form in numerous environments, including natural ones like rivers, lakes, and on various surfaces in both natural and artificial settings.