What is the process of heating water until it becomes vapor, then condensing it to collect as liquid?

The process of heating water until it becomes vapor and then condensing that vapor back into liquid form is known as distillation. This method is commonly used to separate and purify liquids based on different boiling points. When the water is heated, it transforms into steam, which is then cooled and condensed back into liquid water. This technique is effective for removing impurities and is widely utilized in both laboratory settings and industrial applications.

Filtration involves passing liquid through a barrier to separate solids from liquids but does not include the processes of boiling or condensing. Evaporation refers to the transition of liquid into vapor without condensation back into a liquid, making it distinct from the complete distillation process. Purification is a broader term that encompasses various methods of removing impurities but does not specifically refer to the heating and condensing process of distillation.